Mastering Present Tense and Sentence Structuring
Hindi
“Tense" means the time at which an action or situation occurs. There are three types: present, past, and future.
Just as we can categorize time into three types, similarly, based on the completeness of an action, we can divide the completion of a task into four types.
1. Continuous
The task that is not yet completed and is ongoing.
Ex :
I am going
He was going
2. Indefinite
Tasks about which it cannot be said whether they have been completed or not, such as someone going to school every day.
I go to school every day.
I used to go to school every day.
3. Perfect
Tasks that have been completely finished.
I have gone to Patna.
I had gone to Patna.
4. Perfect Continuous
Tasks that are not yet complete, but their duration is known.
I have been waiting for four hours.
I had been waiting for four hours.
If these two concepts are combined, any event can be categorized in only 12 ways based on the combination of actions and time.
Present indefinite
Present Continuous
Present perfect
Present perfect continuous
Past indefinite
Past Continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Future indefinite
Future Continuous
Future perfect
Future perfect continuous
That means all sentences spoken in the English language fall into these 12 categories based on the combination of actions and time.
the rules governing the creation of sentences in these 12 categories are grouped into sets, which are referred to as Tenses.
PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE:
Sentences in the Present Indefinite Tense describe routine, habits, and general actions in the present.
Ex:
I go to Patna every Sunday.
He eats bread.
in the Present Indefinite Tense, sentences can be of four types, and there is a standard way to form them.
Affirmative sentence:
I go to Patna.
Syntex:
Sub + v1 + [s,es] + object
I + Go + to patna
Negative sentence:
I do not go to Patna.
Syntex:
Sub + do/ does + not + v1+ object
I + do + not + go + to patna
Interrogative sentence:
Do I go to patna?
Syntex:
Do / does + sub + v1 + object + ?
Do + I + go + to patna
Double interrogative :
Why do I go to patna?
Syntex:
Wh Q + do / does + sub + v1 + object
Why + do + I + go + to patna
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE:
Sentences in the Present Indefinite Tense describe ongoing actions in the present that are not yet completed.
Ex:
I am going to Patna.
He is only eating bread.
In the Present Continuous Tense, sentences can be of four types, and there is a standard way to form them.
Affirmative sentence:
I am going to patna
Syntex:
Sub + is / am / are + v1 + ing + object
I + am + Go + ing + to patna
Negative sentence:
I am not going to patna
Syntex:
Sub + is / am / are + not + v1 + ing+ object
I + am + not + go + ing + to patna
Interrogative sentence:
Am I going to patna
Syntex:
Is / am / are + sub + v1 + ing + object + ?
Am + I + go + ing + to patna +?
Double interrogative :
Why am I going to patna
Syntex:
Wh Q + is / am / are + sub + v1 + ing + object
Why + am + I + go + ing + to patna
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:
In the Present Perfect Tense, sentences describe actions that occurred in the past but have an impact or relevance in the present; these actions are already completed.
Ex:
I have gone to Patna.
He has only eaten bread.
In the Present Perfect Tense, sentences can be of four types, and there is a standard way to form them.
Affirmative sentence:
I have gone to Patna.
Syntex:
Sub + has / have+ V3+ object
I + have + Gone + to patna
Negative sentence:
I have not gone to patna
Syntex:
Sub + has /have + not + V3 + object
I + have + not + gone + to patna
Interrogative sentence:
Have I gone to patna
Syntex:
Has / have + sub + V3 + object + ?
Have + I + gone + to patna +?
Double interrogative :
Why have I gone to patna
Syntex:
Wh Q + has /have + sub + V3 + object
Why + have + I + gone + to patna
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE:
In the Present Perfect Tense, sentences describe actions that have occurred in the present, are not yet completed, and the duration of their initiation is known.
Ex:
I have been going to Patna for 4 years.
In the Present Perfect Continuous Tense, sentences can be of four types, and there is a standard way to form them.
Affirmative sentence:
I have been going to Patna for 4 years.
Syntex:
Sub + has / have + been + V1+ ing + object + since / for + time
I + have + been + Go +ing + to patna + for 4 years
Negative sentence:
I have not been going to Patna for 4 years.
Syntex:
Sub + has /have + not + been + V1 + ing+ object + since / for + time
I + have + not + been + going + to patna + for + 4 years
Interrogative sentence:
Have I been going to Patna for 4 years?
Syntex:
Has / have + sub +been + V1 + ing + object + since / for + time ?
Have + I + been + go + ing + to patna +for + 4 years ?
Double interrogative :
मै 4 साल से पटना क्यू जा रहा हूं ?
Why have I been going to Patna for 4 years?
Syntex:
Wh Q + has /have + sub + been + V1 + ing +object + since / for + time.
Why + have + I + been + go + ing + to patna + for + 4 years